Material

Modulus of Elasticity GPa (E)

Modulus of Rigidity GPa (G)

Poisson’s ratio (m)

Density

Gm/cm³

(r)

Coefficient of linear expansion/ ^oC  (a)

Steel

200-220

80

0.25-0.33

7.8

(11.5-13) x 10⁶

Wrought iron

190-200

80

0.23-0.27

7.8

(11-12) x 10⁶

Cast Iron

100-160

40

0.23-0.27

7.8

(11-12) x 10⁶

Copper

90-110

30

0.31-0.34

8.3-9

(17-18) x 10⁶

Brass

80-90

30

0.32-0.42

8.3-9

(17-18) x 10⁶

Aluminum

60-80

25

0.32-0.36

2.7

(23-24) x 10⁶